How do packets move over the internet?

Consider the above diagram.

As we said earlier (‘https://samhith1053.medium.com/reason-for-using-multiple-routers-than-single-router-in-internet-architecture-d7c6933d7396’)

In internet architecture there will be many routers between location 1 and location 2.

Let’s take the scenario PC1 present in the location1 wants to communicate with the PC3 in the location 2. First the message is put on the switch in the location 1 . Switch 1 learns the destination is not in the computers which it is connected to.

The router1 learns that the destination is present in another location. It forwards the packet to the Internet. If the routers on the internet have many routes to send the packet to the destination. So to know which path it should go router maintains routing table

From the routing table router puts the data to the port of another router. This process is called forwarding of data

Routers create routing tables using some of the algorithms called routing algorithms.

When routers are creating their routing tables; routers not only take into consideration the number of points to the destination. It also takes a look at the traffic on the links. If the traffic is more in a particular link then the router will not put the data in that link.

This method of not putting the data on the more traffic link is called congestion control.